RESEARCH: CANCER
FOLDING PROJECT #17773 PROFILE

This project explores how proteins use ion gradients to move molecules across cell membranes. These 'secondary active transporters' are found everywhere and play a key role in many diseases, making them important drug targets. Studying these proteins will help us understand how they work across different types of organisms.

Projects 17745-17750 Molecular basis of secondary active transporters. Secondary active membrane transporters are proteins that utilize ions to transport an assortment of molecules across cell membranes.

These proteins are found in all domains in life and surprisingly, despite vastly different structures, operate under the same mechanism by using an ion gradient to assist in small molecule transport.

Furthermore, many of these secondary active transporters are drug targets to treat diseases like cancer, diabetes, and neurological disorders.

The simulations in this project will allow us to understand a universal role of ion-coupling across different families of proteins.

Secondary active transporters

Proteins that use ion gradients to move molecules across cell membranes.

Secondary active transporters are essential proteins found in all living organisms. They utilize the energy stored in an ion gradient to transport various molecules across cell membranes. This process is crucial for numerous cellular functions, including nutrient uptake, waste removal, and signal transduction. Many of these transporters are targets for drug development, as they play a role in diseases like cancer, diabetes, and neurological disorders.

Ion gradient

A difference in ion concentration across a cell membrane.

An ion gradient refers to the unequal distribution of charged ions across a cell membrane. This difference in concentration is maintained by various transport proteins and plays a vital role in cellular processes such as nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction, and ATP synthesis.

Proteins

Large, complex molecules made up of amino acids.

Proteins are the workhorses of cells, performing a vast array of functions essential for life. They act as enzymes to catalyze biochemical reactions, provide structural support, transport molecules, and regulate cellular processes.

Cell membranes

Thin barriers that surround cells and regulate the passage of substances in and out.

Cell membranes are crucial for maintaining cellular integrity and separating the internal environment from the external world. They are composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins that facilitate transport, communication, and recognition.

Simulations

Computer models used to mimic real-world processes.

Simulations are powerful tools used in computational biology to study complex biological systems. By creating computer models of molecules, cells, or even entire organisms, researchers can explore various scenarios and gain insights into biological mechanisms.