RESEARCH: CANCER
FOLDING PROJECT #17770 PROFILE

This project studies how proteins use ion power to move molecules across cell membranes. These proteins are important for many processes in the body and are even drug targets for diseases like cancer and diabetes. By simulating these proteins, researchers can learn more about how they work and potentially develop new treatments.

Projects 17745-17750 Molecular basis of secondary active transporters. Secondary active membrane transporters are proteins that utilize ions to transport an assortment of molecules across cell membranes.

These proteins are found in all domains in life and surprisingly, despite vastly different structures, operate under the same mechanism by using an ion gradient to assist in small molecule transport.

Furthermore, many of these secondary active transporters are drug targets to treat diseases like cancer, diabetes, and neurological disorders.

The simulations in this project will allow us to understand a universal role of ion-coupling across different families of proteins.

Secondary active transporters

Proteins that use ion gradients to transport molecules across cell membranes.

Secondary active transporters are essential proteins found in all living organisms. They work by utilizing the energy stored in an ion gradient to move other molecules across cell membranes. This process is crucial for various cellular functions, including nutrient uptake, waste removal, and signal transduction. These transporters are also important drug targets because they play a role in diseases like cancer, diabetes, and neurological disorders.

Ion gradient

A difference in ion concentration across a membrane.

An ion gradient refers to the unequal distribution of ions (electrically charged atoms) across a cell membrane. This difference in concentration creates an electrochemical potential that can be used by cells to perform various functions, such as transporting molecules and generating electrical signals. The movement of ions across membranes is crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis.

Proteins

Large, complex molecules that perform a wide variety of functions in living organisms.

Proteins are essential macromolecules found in all living organisms. They play diverse roles, including catalyzing biochemical reactions (enzymes), transporting molecules, providing structural support, and transmitting signals. Proteins are made up of chains of amino acids, folded into complex three-dimensional structures that determine their function.

Cell membranes

Thin, flexible barriers that surround cells and regulate the passage of molecules in and out.

Cell membranes are crucial components of all living cells. They act as selective barriers, controlling the movement of substances into and out of the cell. This regulation is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and carrying out various functions. Cell membranes are composed primarily of lipids and proteins.

Drug targets

Molecules or pathways that are involved in disease processes and can be targeted by drugs.

Drug targets are specific molecules or biological pathways that play a role in the development or progression of diseases. By targeting these molecules with drugs, researchers aim to disrupt the disease process and alleviate symptoms. Drug targets can include proteins, enzymes, receptors, or genes.