RESEARCH: CANCER
FOLDING PROJECT #15230 PROFILE

This project looks at how PTCH1 moves cholesterol around in cells. PTCH1 is important for keeping cancer growth in check, but if it doesn't work right, cancer can develop. Understanding how PTCH1 moves cholesterol could lead to new cancer treatments.

This project aims to elucidate the cholesterol transport mechanism in PTCH1, a transmembrane protein responsible for inhibiting SMO in the absence of SHH in the hedgehog signaling pathway by reducing access to ciliary membrane cholesterol.

Dysregulation of this pathway (such as the inability of PTCH1 to transport cholesterol and thereby inhibit SMO) has been linked to various cancers, including medulloblastoma and basal cell carcinoma.

Thus, understanding the mechanisms behind PTCH1 cholesterol transport will allow for therapeutic treatments to target these cancers.

PTCH1

Patched 1

PTCH1 is a transmembrane protein that acts as a receptor for the Hedgehog signaling pathway. It inhibits SMO (Smoothened) in the absence of SHH, regulating cholesterol transport and cell growth.

SMO

Smoothened

SMO is a transmembrane protein that plays a crucial role in the Hedgehog signaling pathway. Activation of SMO by SHH leads to downstream signaling events promoting cell growth and proliferation.

SHH

Sonic Hedgehog

SHH is a signaling molecule belonging to the Hedgehog family. It plays a vital role in embryonic development and tissue homeostasis, regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival.

cholesterol

A waxy, fat-like substance found in all cells of the body.

Cholesterol is a vital component of cell membranes and is essential for hormone production. It plays a role in various biological processes, including signal transduction and nutrient absorption.

hedgehog signaling pathway

A conserved signaling pathway involved in cell growth, development, and patterning.

The Hedgehog signaling pathway is a critical regulatory mechanism that controls cell fate decisions during embryonic development and tissue maintenance. Dysregulation of this pathway can contribute to various diseases, including cancer.